Machine Learning (ML) is an aspect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that uses algorithms and data to enable machines and computers to learn automatically. It basically helps machines and computers to predict outcomes accurately.
Machine learning originated in the early 1950s with the evolvement of simple algorithms from pre-1950s statistical methods. Then this evolved into reinforcement learning in the 1960s and the pioneering research on neural networks in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
In the 90s, the data-driven approach to machine learning emerged, with Support-vector machines (SVMs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) becoming popular. The early 2000s gave rise to unsupervised machine learning and kernel methods like Support-Vector Clustering (SVC). Deep learning became popular in the 2010s, and machine learning began to find its usage in various software applications that are now used in everyday life.
Nowadays, Machine learning is all around us. From social media recommendation engines, like the ones on Netflix, to self-driving cars, fraud detection, and the voice assistants on our phones. It’s all thanks to ML.
There are three types of Machine Learning. They are:
1) Supervised learning: Supervised machine learning uses labeled datasets for training algorithms that can predict outcomes and classify data. Each data point has been labeled, with system instructions available on specific outputs for each particular input. The machine is fed with the labeled data to the point that it becomes accurate at predicting unlabeled data.
Neural networks are the most popular supervised learning algorithms. Other supervised learning algorithms include decision trees, Naïve Bayes, decision trees, linear regression, and logistic regression.
2) Unsupervised learning: Unsupervised machine learning uses algorithms to learn, conduct data analysis and predict patterns from unlabeled data. Real-world application of unsupervised learning includes use cases such as anomaly detection, object recognition, and recommendation engines.
3) Reinforcement learning: Reinforcement learning is a machine learning technique that implements feedback to ensure that machines or computers make the right decisions. The machine is rewarded or penalized for making decisions. This effectively strengthens the decision-making process of the model. Reinforcement learning algorithms include Monte Carlo methods, brute force approach, value function, criterion of optimality, etc.
Machine learning is applicable and relevant in many practical ways. Here are some ways that machine learning has been applied worldwide:
Machine learning isn’t the same as artificial intelligence! While machine learning is an aspect of artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence combines deep learning, machine learning, and other intuitive techniques to enable computers to reason like humans and perform humanoid tasks.
Machine learning is how a computer becomes intelligent. The intelligent computer then uses artificial intelligence to think like humans and perform human-like tasks.
That said, Machine learning has found its relevance in AI content generation through autoregressive language models like the popular OpenAI’s GPT-3 and others. Perhaps a great implementation of this AI content generation is the amazing ChatGPT.
AI content generators can generate text as humans do. How does this work?
Well, AI content generators are powered by large language models. These large language models use unsupervised learning to learn from billions of texts. Thus, they can imitate human writing patterns and generate coherent written text, be it a blog post, product description, essay, poetry, business plan, letter, email, ad copy, or short story.
Training the models involves additional work like data classification, dimensionality reduction, and ensemble methods for an optimal model.
Now, GPT-3 and other recent language models are getting better at modifying their tone and voice as needed, just like humans. So, you could tell the aforementioned ChatGPT to compose text in Shakespearean English or like a 5-year-old with a limited vocabulary.
AI content generators now come with additional features like SEO tools, plagiarism detectors, API access, style guide, content brief, content outline, etc.
Machine learning is still in its early stage and has already made a significant impact with several applications to real-world solutions. More researchers are entering the machine learning field. Better and faster GPUs and CPUs are being built with special consideration for their machine-learning capabilities. The future of tech looks exciting, thanks to machine learning.
The three different types of machine learning are supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.
AI generates content by learning from preexisting content and then generating brand-new content based on what it learned. AI content creators learn using various machine learning techniques and natural language processing (NLP) models.
Machine learning is a subset or branch of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence covers machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, robotics, and other techniques that allow computers to perform tasks usually associated with humans.
First, you’ll need to learn and understand basic concepts like statistics and probability, linear algebra, and calculus. Then, you’ll need to learn a programming language like Python. Following that, you’ll move to data processing before you start working on basic datasets. Online courses, tutorials, and books will help you with a structured learning path.
Some ethical issues in machine learning usage are bias or discrimination, transparency, privacy and surveillance, security and safety, moderation protocols, human decision-making, ownership, and environmental impact.
